On the 10th of July 2025, the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) published the results of its first peer review of a Crypto-Asset Service Provider (CASP) authorisation under the Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA). The review, focused on Malta, marks an important milestone in the EU’s transition to a harmonised regulatory framework for crypto-assets. The review can be accessed on this link. Malta, which had already established a structured national framework through its Virtual Financial Assets (VFA) regime in 2018, was among the first jurisdictions to operationalise MiCA. The peer review confirms that the Malta Financial Services Authority (MFSA)…
As of today, 8 July 2025, the Regulatory Technical Standards (RTS) on Threat-Led Penetration Testing (TLPT) are now effective, including in Malta, following their publication in the Official Journal on 18 June 2025. These RTS supplement Article 26 of the Digital Operational Resilience Act (‘DORA’) and lay down a framework for the execution of TLPT. The RTS specify the criteria used for identifying the financial entities which are required to perform threat-led penetration tests and lay down organisational arrangements for financial entities. The RTS also include provisions on risk management and specify criteria for engaging TLPT providers. Moreover, the RTS…
The EU’s Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA) provides in Article 70(4) that a crypto-asset service provider (CASP) offering payment services related to its crypto activities must either obtain a payment institution authorisation itself or partner with an authorised payment service provider (PSP) under PSD2. This reflects the “dual nature” of certain crypto-assets: notably, MiCA classifies e-money tokens (i.e. stablecoins) as electronic money, meaning they are not only crypto-assets under MiCA but also “funds” under the Second Payment Services Directive (PSD2). In practice, this dual status raised uncertainty about whether CASPs dealing in stablecoins need a separate PSD2 licence in addition…